drbg.c File Reference

DRBG mechanism. More...

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <ipxe/entropy.h>
#include <ipxe/drbg.h>

Go to the source code of this file.

Functions
	FILE_LICENCE (GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL)
int	drbg_instantiate (struct drbg_state *state, const void *personal, size_t personal_len)
	Instantiate DRBG. More...
int	drbg_reseed (struct drbg_state *state, const void *additional, size_t additional_len)
	Reseed DRBG. More...
int	drbg_generate (struct drbg_state *state, const void *additional, size_t additional_len, int prediction_resist, void *data, size_t len)
	Generate pseudorandom bits using DRBG. More...
void	drbg_uninstantiate (struct drbg_state *state)
	Uninstantiate DRBG. More...

Detailed Description

DRBG mechanism.

This mechanism is designed to comply with ANS X9.82 Part 3-2007 Section 9. This standard is not freely available, but most of the text appears to be shared with NIST SP 800-90, which can be downloaded from

http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-90/SP800-90revised_March2007.pdf

Where possible, references are given to both documents. In the case of any disagreement, ANS X9.82 takes priority over NIST SP 800-90. (In particular, note that some algorithms that are Approved by NIST SP 800-90 are not Approved by ANS X9.82.)

Definition in file drbg.c.

Function Documentation

FILE_LICENCE()

FILE_LICENCE

(

GPL2_OR_LATER_OR_UBDL

)

drbg_instantiate()

int drbg_instantiate	(	struct drbg_state *	state,
		const void *	personal,
		size_t	personal_len
	)

Instantiate DRBG.

Parameters

state	Algorithm state to be initialised
personal	Personalisation string
personal_len	Length of personalisation string

Return values

rc	Return status code

This is the Instantiate_function defined in ANS X9.82 Part 3-2007 Section 9.2 (NIST SP 800-90 Section 9.1).

Only a single security strength is supported, and prediction resistance is always enabled. The nonce is accounted for by increasing the entropy input, as per ANS X9.82 Part 3-2007 Section 8.4.2 (NIST SP 800-90 Section 8.6.7).

Definition at line 78 of file drbg.c.

                                             {
        unsigned int entropy_bits = ( ( 3 * DRBG_SECURITY_STRENGTH + 1 ) / 2 );
        size_t min_len = DRBG_MIN_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES;
        size_t max_len = DRBG_MAX_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES;
        uint8_t data[max_len];
        int len;
        int rc;

        DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p instantiate\n", state );

        /* Sanity checks */
        assert ( state != NULL );

        /* 1.  If requested_instantiation_security_strength >
         *     highest_supported_security_strength, then return an
         *     ERROR_FLAG
         */
        if ( DRBG_SECURITY_STRENGTH > DRBG_MAX_SECURITY_STRENGTH ) {
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p cannot support security strength %d\n",
                       state, DRBG_SECURITY_STRENGTH );
                return -ENOTSUP;
        }

        /* 2.  If prediction_resistance_flag is set, and prediction
         *     resistance is not supported, then return an ERROR_FLAG
         *
         * (Nothing to do since prediction resistance is always
         * supported.)
         */

        /* 3.  If the length of the personalization_string >
         *     max_personalization_string_length, return an ERROR_FLAG
         */
        if ( personal_len > DRBG_MAX_PERSONAL_LEN_BYTES ) {
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p personalisation string too long (%zd "
                       "bytes)\n", state, personal_len );
                return -ERANGE;
        }

        /* 4.  Set security_strength to the nearest security strength
         *     greater than or equal to
         *     requested_instantiation_security_strength.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since we support only a single security
         * strength.)
         */

        /* 5.  Using the security_strength, select appropriate DRBG
         *     mechanism parameters.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since we support only a single security
         * strength.)
         */

        /* 6.  ( status, entropy_input ) = Get_entropy_input (
         *     security_strength, min_length, max_length,
         *     prediction_resistance_request )
         * 7.  If an ERROR is returned in step 6, return a
         *     CATASTROPHIC_ERROR_FLAG.
         * 8.  Obtain a nonce.
         */
        len = get_entropy_input ( entropy_bits, data, min_len,
                                  sizeof ( data ) );
        if ( len < 0 ) {
                rc = len;
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p could not get entropy input: %s\n",
                       state, strerror ( rc ) );
                return rc;
        }
        assert ( len >= ( int ) min_len );
        assert ( len <= ( int ) sizeof ( data ) );

        /* 9.  initial_working_state = Instantiate_algorithm (
         *     entropy_input, nonce, personalization_string ).
         */
        drbg_instantiate_algorithm ( state, data, len, personal, personal_len );

        /* 10.  Get a state_handle for a currently empty state.  If an
         *      empty internal state cannot be found, return an
         *      ERROR_FLAG.
         * 11.  Set the internal state indicated by state_handle to
         *      the initial values for the internal state (i.e. set
         *      the working_state to the values returned as
         *      initial_working_state in step 9 and any other values
         *      required for the working_state, and set the
         *      administrative information to the appropriate values.
         *
         * (Almost nothing to do since the memory to hold the state
         * was passed in by the caller and has already been updated
         * in-situ.)
         */
        state->reseed_required = 0;
        state->valid = 1;

        /* 12.  Return SUCCESS and state_handle. */
        return 0;
}

References assert(), data, DBGC, drbg_instantiate_algorithm(), DRBG_MAX_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES, DRBG_MAX_PERSONAL_LEN_BYTES, DRBG_MAX_SECURITY_STRENGTH, DRBG_MIN_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES, DRBG_SECURITY_STRENGTH, ENOTSUP, ERANGE, get_entropy_input(), len, NULL, rc, state, and strerror().

Referenced by rbg_startup().

drbg_reseed()

int drbg_reseed	(	struct drbg_state *	state,
		const void *	additional,
		size_t	additional_len
	)

Reseed DRBG.

Parameters

state	Algorithm state
additional	Additional input
additional_len	Length of additional input

Return values

rc	Return status code

This is the Reseed_function defined in ANS X9.82 Part 3-2007 Section 9.3 (NIST SP 800-90 Section 9.2).

Prediction resistance is always enabled.

Definition at line 190 of file drbg.c.

                                          {
        unsigned int entropy_bits = DRBG_SECURITY_STRENGTH;
        size_t min_len = DRBG_MIN_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES;
        size_t max_len = DRBG_MAX_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES;
        uint8_t data[max_len];
        int len;
        int rc;

        DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p reseed\n", state );

        /* Sanity checks */
        assert ( state != NULL );

        /* 1.  Using state_handle, obtain the current internal state.
         *     If state_handle indicates an invalid or empty internal
         *     state, return an ERROR_FLAG.
         *
         * (Almost nothing to do since the memory holding the internal
         * state was passed in by the caller.)
         */
        if ( ! state->valid ) {
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p not valid\n", state );
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        /* 2.  If prediction_resistance_request is set, and
         *     prediction_resistance_flag is not set, then return an
         *     ERROR_FLAG.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since prediction resistance is always
         * supported.)
         */

        /* 3.  If the length of the additional_input >
         *     max_additional_input_length, return an ERROR_FLAG.
         */
        if ( additional_len > DRBG_MAX_ADDITIONAL_LEN_BYTES ) {
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p additional input too long (%zd bytes)\n",
                       state, additional_len );
                return -ERANGE;
        }

        /* 4.  ( status, entropy_input ) = Get_entropy_input (
         *     security_strength, min_length, max_length,
         *     prediction_resistance_request ).
         *
         * 5.  If an ERROR is returned in step 4, return a
         *     CATASTROPHIC_ERROR_FLAG.
         */
        len = get_entropy_input ( entropy_bits, data, min_len,
                                  sizeof ( data ) );
        if ( len < 0 ) {
                rc = len;
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p could not get entropy input: %s\n",
                       state, strerror ( rc ) );
                return rc;
        }

        /* 6.  new_working_state = Reseed_algorithm ( working_state,
         *     entropy_input, additional_input ).
         */
        drbg_reseed_algorithm ( state, data, len, additional, additional_len );

        /* 7.  Replace the working_state in the internal state
         *     indicated by state_handle with the values of
         *     new_working_state obtained in step 6.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since the state has already been updated in-situ.)
         */

        /* 8.  Return SUCCESS. */
        return 0;
}

References additional, assert(), data, DBGC, DRBG_MAX_ADDITIONAL_LEN_BYTES, DRBG_MAX_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES, DRBG_MIN_ENTROPY_LEN_BYTES, drbg_reseed_algorithm(), DRBG_SECURITY_STRENGTH, EINVAL, ERANGE, get_entropy_input(), len, NULL, rc, state, and strerror().

Referenced by drbg_generate().

drbg_generate()

int drbg_generate	(	struct drbg_state *	state,
		const void *	additional,
		size_t	additional_len,
		int	prediction_resist,
		void *	data,
		size_t	len
	)

Generate pseudorandom bits using DRBG.

Parameters

state	Algorithm state
additional	Additional input
additional_len	Length of additional input
prediction_resist	Prediction resistance is required
data	Output buffer
len	Length of output buffer

Return values

rc	Return status code

This is the Generate_function defined in ANS X9.82 Part 3-2007 Section 9.4 (NIST SP 800-90 Section 9.3).

Requests must be for an integral number of bytes. Only a single security strength is supported. Prediction resistance is supported if requested.

Definition at line 283 of file drbg.c.

                                             {
        int rc;

        DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p generate\n", state );

        /* Sanity checks */
        assert ( state != NULL );
        assert ( data != NULL );

        /* 1.  Using state_handle, obtain the current internal state
         *     for the instantiation.  If state_handle indicates an
         *     invalid or empty internal state, then return an ERROR_FLAG.
         *
         * (Almost nothing to do since the memory holding the internal
         * state was passed in by the caller.)
         */
        if ( ! state->valid ) {
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p not valid\n", state );
                return -EINVAL;
        }

        /* 2.  If requested_number_of_bits >
         *     max_number_of_bits_per_request, then return an
         *     ERROR_FLAG.
         */
        if ( len > DRBG_MAX_GENERATED_LEN_BYTES ) {
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p request too long (%zd bytes)\n",
                       state, len );
                return -ERANGE;
        }

        /* 3.  If requested_security_strength > the security_strength
         *     indicated in the internal state, then return an
         *     ERROR_FLAG.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since only a single security strength is
         * supported.)
         */

        /* 4.  If the length of the additional_input >
         *     max_additional_input_length, then return an ERROR_FLAG.
         */
        if ( additional_len > DRBG_MAX_ADDITIONAL_LEN_BYTES ) {
                DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p additional input too long (%zd bytes)\n",
                       state, additional_len );
                return -ERANGE;
        }

        /* 5.  If prediction_resistance_request is set, and
         *     prediction_resistance_flag is not set, then return an
         *     ERROR_FLAG.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since prediction resistance is always
         * supported.)
         */

        /* 6.  Clear the reseed_required_flag. */
        state->reseed_required = 0;

 step_7:
        /* 7.  If reseed_required_flag is set, or if
         *     prediction_resistance_request is set, then
         */
        if ( state->reseed_required || prediction_resist ) {

                /* 7.1  status = Reseed_function ( state_handle,
                 *      prediction_resistance_request,
                 *      additional_input )
                 * 7.2  If status indicates an ERROR, then return
                 *      status.
                 */
                if ( ( rc = drbg_reseed ( state, additional,
                                          additional_len ) ) != 0 ) {
                        DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p could not reseed: %s\n",
                               state, strerror ( rc ) );
                        return rc;
                }

                /* 7.3  Using state_handle, obtain the new internal
                 *      state.
                 *
                 * (Nothing to do since the internal state has been
                 * updated in-situ.)
                 */

                /* 7.4  additional_input = the Null string. */
                additional = NULL;
                additional_len = 0;

                /* 7.5  Clear the reseed_required_flag. */
                state->reseed_required = 0;
        }

        /* 8.  ( status, pseudorandom_bits, new_working_state ) =
         *     Generate_algorithm ( working_state,
         *     requested_number_of_bits, additional_input ).
         */
        rc = drbg_generate_algorithm ( state, additional, additional_len,
                                       data, len );

        /* 9.  If status indicates that a reseed is required before
         *     the requested bits can be generated, then
         */
        if ( rc != 0 ) {

                /* 9.1  Set the reseed_required_flag. */
                state->reseed_required = 1;

                /* 9.2  If the prediction_resistance_flag is set, then
                 *      set the prediction_resistance_request
                 *      indication.
                 */
                prediction_resist = 1;

                /* 9.3  Go to step 7. */
                goto step_7;
        }

        /* 10.  Replace the old working_state in the internal state
         *      indicated by state_handle with the values of
         *      new_working_state.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since the working state has already been
         * updated in-situ.)
         */

        /* 11.  Return SUCCESS and pseudorandom_bits. */
        return 0;
}

References additional, assert(), data, DBGC, drbg_generate_algorithm(), DRBG_MAX_ADDITIONAL_LEN_BYTES, DRBG_MAX_GENERATED_LEN_BYTES, drbg_reseed(), EINVAL, ERANGE, len, NULL, rc, state, and strerror().

Referenced by rbg_generate().

drbg_uninstantiate()

void drbg_uninstantiate

(

struct drbg_state *

state

)

Uninstantiate DRBG.

Parameters

state

Algorithm state

This is the Uninstantiate_function defined in ANS X9.82 Part 3-2007 Section 9.5 (NIST SP 800-90 Section 9.4).

Definition at line 423 of file drbg.c.

                                                     {

        DBGC ( state, "DRBG %p uninstantiate\n", state );

        /* Sanity checks */
        assert ( state != NULL );

        /* 1.  If state_handle indicates an invalid state, then return
         *     an ERROR_FLAG.
         *
         * (Nothing to do since the memory holding the internal state
         * was passed in by the caller.)
         */

        /* 2.  Erase the contents of the internal state indicated by
         *     state_handle.
         */
        memset ( state, 0, sizeof ( *state ) );

        /* 3.  Return SUCCESS. */
}

References assert(), DBGC, memset(), NULL, and state.

Referenced by rbg_shutdown().